Titre de la Présentation :
Phosphorylation of γ-tubulin orchestrates polar microtubule formation during spindle assembly
Date / Heure / Emplacement:
Jeudi, 8 Mars 2012 – 16:00
Salle S1-151 de l’IRIC
Affiliation :
McGill
URL
Jackie Vogel
Abstract :
It is essential to accurately partition DNA during the division of biological cells. The mitotic spindle performs this function in eukaryotic cells. The spindle is a mechanically coupled and stereotyped biological machine with a well-defined parts list; microtubules, DNA (chromosomes), proteins that act as force-generators (molecular motors) or couple microtubules to chromosomes or each other, and signaling proteins (for example cyclin dependent kinase; Cdk1) which provide temporal and spatial control. Spindles in both budding yeast and human cells have two common design features; (1) microtubules that project from the spindle poles and attach to chromosomes, promoting the directed movement of chromosomes towards the spindle poles and (2) pairs of microtubules projecting from opposite poles which undergo anti-parallel sliding and drives spindle elongation. In the case of budding yeast, the system is very minimal- one microtubule attaches to each of the 16 duplicated chromosome (32), and 3-4 pairs of anti-parallel microtubules. All microtubules are assembled at nucleation sites containing γ-tubulin, an evolutionarily conserved microtubule nucleator, located at the spindle poles. Both sets of microtubules are critical for forming a functional bi-polar spindle. We use this simple system to characterize the roles of specific molecules in this process. Using a diverse set of quantitative tools, based in single cell and population measurements, we show that g-tubulin plays an unexpected role in orchestrating the formation of anti-parallel microtubules during the assembly of mitotic spindle. We propose a model where Cdk1-dependent phosphorylation of γ-tubulin allows each microtubule to behave independently of its neighbors during spindle assembly.